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Added server benchmarking guide

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<!--
Title: How to benchmark CPU, memory, disk and network performance of server using Speedtest and SysBench
Description: Learn how to benchmark CPU, memory, disk and network performance of server using Speedtest and SysBench.
Author: Sun Knudsen <https://github.com/sunknudsen>
Contributors: Sun Knudsen <https://github.com/sunknudsen>
Publication date: 2020-07-31T12:39:56.670Z
-->
# How to benchmark CPU, memory, disk and network performance of server using Speedtest and SysBench
> Ideally, run benchmark tests on development servers to avoid installing and running Speedtest and SysBench on production servers.
## Requirements
- Virtual private server (VPS) or dedicated server running Debian 10 (buster)
## Installation guide
### Step 1: check if Backports repository is enabled
```shell
cat /etc/apt/sources.list | grep "buster-backports"
```
### Step 2: enable Backports repository (only run command if previous step returned nothing)
```shell
cat << "EOF" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main
EOF
apt update
```
### Step 3: check if GnuPG is installed
```console
$ gpg --version
-bash: gpg: command not found
```
### Step 4: install GnuPG (only run command if previous step returned `-bash: gpg: command not found`)
```shell
apt install -y gnupg2
```
### Step 5: import [Speedtest](https://www.speedtest.net/)’s PGP public key and enable Speedtest’s repository
```console
$ apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 379CE192D401AB61
Executing: /tmp/apt-key-gpghome.hyKJZh5s4e/gpg.1.sh --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 379CE192D401AB61
gpg: key 379CE192D401AB61: public key "Bintray (by JFrog) <bintray@bintray.com>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg: imported: 1
$ echo "deb https://ookla.bintray.com/debian buster main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/speedtest.list
deb https://ookla.bintray.com/debian buster main
$ apt update
```
### Step 6: install Speedtest and SysBench
```shell
apt install -y speedtest sysbench
```
---
## Usage guide
### Benchmark network
Depending on iptables configuration, running the following commands may be required.
```shell
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8080 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8080 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
```
```console
$ speedtest
Speedtest by Ookla
Server: Vodafone - Reykjavík (id = 4141)
ISP: 1984 ehf
Latency: 0.64 ms (0.06 ms jitter)
Download: 95.82 Mbps (data used: 158.0 MB)
Upload: 95.63 Mbps (data used: 155.7 MB)
Packet Loss: 0.0%
Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/19654353-3d2e-4ed3-ac22-824e1376b838
```
Network download speed: 95.82 Mbps
Network upload speed: 95.63 Mbps
### Benchmark CPU
```console
$ sysbench cpu --cpu-max-prime=20000 run
sysbench 1.0.18 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time
Prime numbers limit: 20000
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
CPU speed:
events per second: 403.87
General statistics:
total time: 10.0012s
total number of events: 4040
Latency (ms):
min: 2.43
avg: 2.47
max: 4.60
95th percentile: 2.52
sum: 9995.53
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 4040.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 9.9955/0.00
```
CPU events per second: 403.87
### Benchmark memory
```console
$ sysbench memory run
sysbench 1.0.18 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time
Running memory speed test with the following options:
block size: 1KiB
total size: 102400MiB
operation: write
scope: global
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
Total operations: 40219144 (4020984.62 per second)
39276.51 MiB transferred (3926.74 MiB/sec)
General statistics:
total time: 10.0003s
total number of events: 40219144
Latency (ms):
min: 0.00
avg: 0.00
max: 1.84
95th percentile: 0.00
sum: 4358.06
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 40219144.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 4.3581/0.00
```
Memory speed: 3926.74 MiB/sec
### Benchmark disk
```console
$ sysbench fileio --file-total-size=8G prepare
sysbench 1.0.18 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)
128 files, 65536Kb each, 8192Mb total
Creating files for the test...
Extra file open flags: (none)
Creating file test_file.0
Creating file test_file.1
Creating file test_file.2
Creating file test_file.3
Creating file test_file.4
Creating file test_file.5
...
Creating file test_file.127
8589934592 bytes written in 85.92 seconds (95.34 MiB/sec).
$ sysbench fileio --file-total-size=8G --file-test-mode=rndrw --max-time=300 --max-requests=0 run
sysbench 1.0.18 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)
Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1
Initializing random number generator from current time
Extra file open flags: (none)
128 files, 64MiB each
8GiB total file size
Block size 16KiB
Number of IO requests: 0
Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50
Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing random r/w test
Initializing worker threads...
Threads started!
File operations:
reads/s: 2727.09
writes/s: 1818.06
fsyncs/s: 5818.16
Throughput:
read, MiB/s: 42.61
written, MiB/s: 28.41
General statistics:
total time: 300.0100s
total number of events: 3109023
Latency (ms):
min: 0.00
avg: 0.10
max: 11.59
95th percentile: 0.23
sum: 298089.49
Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 3109023.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 298.0895/0.00
$ sysbench fileio --file-total-size=8G cleanup
sysbench 1.0.18 (using system LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3)
Removing test files..
```
Disk read throughput: 42.61 MiB/s
Disk write throughput: 28.41 MiB/s