Added Linux support to hardened Raspberry Pi guide
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Sun Knudsen
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2 changed files with 101 additions and 15 deletions
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@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ Listed: true
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## Requirements
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- [Raspberry Pi](https://www.raspberrypi.org/) (with [64-bit support](https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-os-64-bit/))
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- HDMI cable, keyboard, microSD card, microSD to SD adapter and power adapter
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- macOS computer
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- HDMI cable (Micro HDMI to HDMI if Pi 4), keyboard with USB-A connector, microSD card (or external solid state drive with USB-A connector), microSD to SD adapter (if using microSD card) and power adapter (Micro USB >= 2.1 A if Pi 3 or USB-C >= 3 A if Pi 4)
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- macOS or Linux computer
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## Caveats
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@ -72,15 +72,15 @@ _EOF
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EOF
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```
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### Step 3: download latest version of 64-bit [Raspberry Pi OS Lite](https://www.raspberrypi.org/software/operating-systems/)
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### Step 3: download latest version of 64-bit [Raspberry Pi OS Lite](https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/#raspberry-pi-os-64-bit)
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### Step 4: copy “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” to microSD card
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### Step 4: copy “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” to microSD card or external solid state drive (follow [these](./misc/how-to-copy-raspberry-pi-os-lite-to-microsd-card-or-external-solid-state-drive-on-linux/README.md) steps instead of step 4 if on Linux)
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> **WARNING: BE VERY CAREFUL WHEN RUNNING `DD` AS DATA CAN BE PERMANENTLY DESTROYED (BEGINNERS SHOULD CONSIDER USING [BALENAETCHER](https://www.balena.io/etcher/) INSTEAD).**
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> Heads-up: run `diskutil list` to find disk ID of microSD card to overwrite with “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” (`disk4` in the following example).
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> Heads-up: run `diskutil list` to find disk ID of microSD card or external solid state drive to overwrite with “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” (`disk4` in the following example).
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> Heads-up: replace `diskn` and `rdiskn` with disk ID of microSD card (`disk4` and `rdisk4` in the following example) and `2022-01-28-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite.img` with current image.
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> Heads-up: replace `diskn` and `rdiskn` with disk ID of microSD card or external solid state drive (`disk4` and `rdisk4` in the following example) and `2022-04-04-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite` with current image.
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```console
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$ diskutil list
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@ -97,15 +97,15 @@ $ diskutil list
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Physical Store disk0s2
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1: APFS Volume Macintosh HD 15.3 GB disk3s1
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2: APFS Snapshot com.apple.os.update-... 15.3 GB disk3s1s1
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3: APFS Volume Preboot 328.4 MB disk3s2
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4: APFS Volume Recovery 815.1 MB disk3s3
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5: APFS Volume Data 458.6 GB disk3s5
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3: APFS Volume Preboot 412.4 MB disk3s2
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4: APFS Volume Recovery 807.3 MB disk3s3
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5: APFS Volume Data 384.5 GB disk3s5
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6: APFS Volume VM 2.1 GB disk3s6
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/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
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#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
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0: FDisk_partition_scheme *15.9 GB disk4
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1: Windows_NTFS Untitled 15.9 GB disk4s1
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0: FDisk_partition_scheme *500.1 GB disk4
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1: Windows_NTFS Untitled 500.1 GB disk4s1
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$ sudo diskutil unmount /dev/diskn
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disk4 was already unmounted or it has a partitioning scheme so use "diskutil unmountDisk" instead
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@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ disk4 was already unmounted or it has a partitioning scheme so use "diskutil unm
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$ sudo diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskn (if previous step fails)
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Unmount of all volumes on disk4 was successful
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$ sudo dd bs=1m if=$HOME/Downloads/2022-01-28-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite.img of=/dev/rdiskn
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1904+0 records in
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1904+0 records out
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1996488704 bytes transferred in 141.557206 secs (14103759 bytes/sec)
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$ sudo dd bs=1m if=$HOME/Downloads/2022-04-04-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite.img of=/dev/rdiskn
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1908+0 records in
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1908+0 records out
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2000683008 bytes transferred in 6.420741 secs (311596910 bytes/sec)
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$ sudo diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskn
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Unmount of all volumes on disk4 was successful
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@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
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<!--
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Title: How to copy “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” to microSD card or external solid state drive on Linux
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Description: Learn how to copy “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” to microSD card or external solid state drive on Linux.
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Author: Sun Knudsen <https://github.com/sunknudsen>
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Contributors: Sun Knudsen <https://github.com/sunknudsen>
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Reviewers:
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Publication date: 2022-04-10T10:54:33.234Z
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Listed: true
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-->
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# How to copy “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” to microSD card or external solid state drive on Linux
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## Requirements
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- Linux computer
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## Caveats
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- When copy/pasting commands that start with `$`, strip out `$` as this character is not part of the command
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## Guide
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### Step 1: extract “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” archive
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```console
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$ unxz 2022-04-04-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite.img.xz
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```
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### Step 2: copy “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” to microSD card or external solid state drive
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> **WARNING: BE VERY CAREFUL WHEN RUNNING `DD` AS DATA CAN BE PERMANENTLY DESTROYED (BEGINNERS SHOULD CONSIDER USING [BALENAETCHER](https://www.balena.io/etcher/) INSTEAD).**
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> Heads-up: run `sudo fdisk --list` to find device name of microSD card or external solid state drive to overwrite with “Raspberry Pi OS Lite” (`sda` in the following example).
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> Heads-up: replace `sdn` with device name of microSD card or external solid state drive (`sda` in the following example) and `2022-04-04-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite.img` with current image.
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```console
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$ sudo fdisk --list
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Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 931.51 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
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Disk model: Samsung SSD 970 EVO Plus 1TB
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: F053B657-4758-4775-98B1-27256D3B46C9
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Device Start End Sectors Size Type
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/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
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/dev/nvme0n1p2 1050624 2050047 999424 488M Linux filesystem
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/dev/nvme0n1p3 2050048 1953523711 1951473664 930.5G Linux filesystem
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Disk /dev/mapper/nvme0n1p3_crypt: 930.52 GiB, 999137738752 bytes, 1951440896 sectors
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disk /dev/mapper/debian--vg-root: 930.52 GiB, 999133544448 bytes, 1951432704 sectors
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.76 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
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Disk model: PSSD T7 Touch
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 33553920 bytes
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Disklabel type: dos
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Disk identifier: 0x00000000
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Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
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/dev/sda1 2048 976773119 976771072 465.8G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
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$ sudo umount /dev/sdn*
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umount: /dev/sda: not mounted.
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umount: /dev/sda1: not mounted.
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$ sudo dd bs=1M if=2022-04-04-raspios-bullseye-arm64-lite.img of=/dev/sdn
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1908+0 records in
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1908+0 records out
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2000683008 bytes (2.0 GB, 1.9 GiB) copied, 6.56049 s, 305 MB/s
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```
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👍
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