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How to install Tails on USB flash drive or SD card on macOS
Requirements
- USB flash drive or SD card (faster is better)
- Computer running macOS Big Sur or Monterey
Caveats
- When copy/pasting commands that start with
$
, strip out$
as this character is not part of the command
Guide
Step 1: install Homebrew
$ /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
$ uname -m | grep arm64 && echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/homebrew/bin' >> ~/.zshrc && source ~/.zshrc
Step 2: disable Homebrew analytics
brew analytics off
Step 3: install GnuPG
brew install gnupg
Step 4: import “Tails developers” PGP public key
$ curl https://tails.boum.org/tails-signing.key | gpg --import
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 1341k 100 1341k 0 0 1451k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 1450k
gpg: key 0xDBB802B258ACD84F: 2170 signatures not checked due to missing keys
gpg: key 0xDBB802B258ACD84F: public key "Tails developers (offline long-term identity key) <tails@boum.org>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg: imported: 1
gpg: key 0xA3A31BAD5A2A5B10: no user ID for key signature packet of class 10
gpg: marginals needed: 3 completes needed: 1 trust model: pgp
gpg: depth: 0 valid: 3 signed: 0 trust: 0-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 3u
imported: 1
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Step 5: download Tails release
Go to https://tails.boum.org/install/download/index.en.html and download latest release and associated PGP signature (found under “or download the OpenPGP signature”) to ~/Downloads
folder.
Step 6: verify Tails release (learn how here)
Heads-up: replace
4.25
with latest release semver.
$ gpg --verify ~/Downloads/tails-amd64-4.25.img.sig
gpg: assuming signed data in '/Users/sunknudsen/Downloads/tails-amd64-4.25.img'
gpg: Signature made Mon 6 Dec 11:19:38 2021 EST
gpg: using RSA key 05469FB85EAD6589B43D41D3D21DAD38AF281C0B
gpg: Good signature from "Tails developers (offline long-term identity key) <tails@boum.org>" [unknown]
gpg: aka "Tails developers <tails@boum.org>" [unknown]
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: A490 D0F4 D311 A415 3E2B B7CA DBB8 02B2 58AC D84F
Subkey fingerprint: 0546 9FB8 5EAD 6589 B43D 41D3 D21D AD38 AF28 1C0B
Good signature
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Step 7: copy Tails to USB flash drive or SD card
WARNING: DO NOT RUN THE FOLLOWING COMMANDS AS-IS.
Heads-up: run
diskutil list
to find disk ID of USB flash drive or SD card to overwrite with Tails (disk4
in the following example).
Heads-up: replace
diskn
andrdiskn
with disk ID of USB flash drive or SD card (disk4
andrdisk4
in the following example) andtails-amd64-4.25.img
with current image.
$ diskutil list
/dev/disk0 (internal):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: GUID_partition_scheme 500.3 GB disk0
1: Apple_APFS_ISC 524.3 MB disk0s1
2: Apple_APFS Container disk3 494.4 GB disk0s2
3: Apple_APFS_Recovery 5.4 GB disk0s3
/dev/disk3 (synthesized):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: APFS Container Scheme - +494.4 GB disk3
Physical Store disk0s2
1: APFS Volume Macintosh HD 15.3 GB disk3s1
2: APFS Snapshot com.apple.os.update-... 15.3 GB disk3s1s1
3: APFS Volume Preboot 328.4 MB disk3s2
4: APFS Volume Recovery 815.1 MB disk3s3
5: APFS Volume Data 439.3 GB disk3s5
6: APFS Volume VM 7.5 GB disk3s6
/dev/disk4 (external, physical):
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: FDisk_partition_scheme *32.1 GB disk4
1: Windows_NTFS Untitled 32.1 GB disk4s1
$ sudo diskutil unmount /dev/diskn
disk4 was already unmounted or it has a partitioning scheme so use "diskutil unmountDisk" instead
$ sudo diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskn (if previous step fails)
Unmount of all volumes on disk4 was successful
$ sudo dd bs=1m if=$HOME/Downloads/tails-amd64-4.25.img of=/dev/rdiskn
1139+0 records in
1139+0 records out
1194328064 bytes transferred in 49.463690 secs (24145551 bytes/sec)
$ sudo diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskn
Unmount of all volumes on disk4 was successful
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