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98 lines
2.4 KiB
Markdown
98 lines
2.4 KiB
Markdown
<!--
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Title: How to use Time Machine and APFS snapshots on macOS
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Description: Learn how to use Time Machine and APFS snapshots on macOS.
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Author: Sun Knudsen <https://github.com/sunknudsen>
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Contributors: Sun Knudsen <https://github.com/sunknudsen>
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Reviewers:
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Publication date: 2021-04-02T17:40:53.608Z
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Listed: true
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-->
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# How to use Time Machine and APFS snapshots on macOS
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## Time Machine setup guide
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### Step 1: exclude folders from Time Machine
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> Heads-up: excluded folders vary depending on use case.
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### Step 2: format Time Machine disk as “Mac OS Extended (Journaled, Encrypted)” using “Disk Utility”
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> WARNING: DATA ON TIME MACHINE DISK WILL BE PERMANENTLY DELETED.
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### Step 3: enable “Encrypt Backup Disk” and click “Use as Backup Disk”
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### Step 4: confirm encryption is enabled and enable “Show Time Machine in menu bar”
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Encrypted
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👍
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## Time Machine usage guide
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### Create backup
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Click “Time Machine” menu bar icon and then “Back Up Now” or run `tmutil startbackup`.
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### Delete specific backup
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Heads-up: use `tmutil listbackups` to list backups.
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```shell
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sudo tmutil delete "/Volumes/LaCie/Backups.backupdb/Sun’s MacBook Pro/2021-04-05-082332"
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```
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## APFS snapshot usage guide
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### Create local APFS snapshot
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```shell
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tmutil localsnapshot
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```
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### List local APFS snapshots
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```shell
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tmutil listlocalsnapshots /
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```
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### Mount local read-only APFS snapshot
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Heads-up: use `umount /tmp/snapshot` to unmount snapshot.
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Replace `com.apple.TimeMachine.2021-04-05-082935.local` with snapshot from [List local APFS snapshots](#list-local-apfs-snapshots).
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```shell
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mkdir -p /tmp/snapshot
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mount_apfs -s com.apple.TimeMachine.2021-04-05-082935.local / /tmp/snapshot
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open /tmp/snapshot
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```
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### Restore local APFS snapshot
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Restart computer and press `cmd+r` to boot to recovery mode.
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Select “Restore From Time Machine Backup”, then “Macintosh HD”, choose local snapshot, click “Continue” and “Continue” again to confirm.
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### Delete specific local APFS snapshot
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> Heads-up: use `tmutil listlocalsnapshotdates` to list local snapshot dates.
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```
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tmutil deletelocalsnapshots 2021-04-05-082935
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```
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### Delete all local APFS snapshot
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```
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tmutil deletelocalsnapshots /
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```
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